1. # vim /var/lib/locales/supported.d/locale
zh_TW UTF-8
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
2. # locale-gen
Generating locales...
en_US.UTF-8... up-to-date
zh_TW.UTF-8... done
Generation complete.
2011年4月30日 星期六
更改 Ubuntu 預設語系
ubuntu JDBC 設定
1. apt-get install libmysql-java
2. 環境變數 CLASSPATH 新增 /usr/share/java/mysql-connector-java.jar
3. 寫個code測試
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
class JDBCTest {
private static final String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost";
private static final String user = "username";
private static final String password = "password";
public static void main(String args[]) {
try {
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
System.out.println("Success");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
2011年4月29日 星期五
ubuntu 11.04 有關 JAVA 的相關設定
1. 新增軟體源
vim /etc/apt/sources.list
#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 11.04 _Natty Narwhal_ - Release i386 (20110427.1)]/ natty main restricted
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty main restricted
deb-src http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty main restricted
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-updates main restricted
deb-src http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-updates main restricted
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty universe
deb http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-updates universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-updates universe
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-updates multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-updates multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'backports'
## repository.
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
# deb http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-security main restricted
deb-src http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-security main restricted
deb http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-security universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-security universe
deb http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-security multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty-security multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu natty partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu natty partner
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party
## developers who want to ship their latest software.
deb http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty main
deb-src http://ubuntu.stu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ natty main
apt-get update
2. 安裝JDK , JRE
apt-get install sun-java-jre
jdk : wget jdk.1.6
安裝 : sh ./jdk1.6
cp-r jdk1.6 /opt/jdk1.6
3. 安裝tomcat 6
wget http://apache.cs.pu.edu.tw/tomcat/tomcat-6/v6.0.32/bin/apache-tomcat-6.0.32.tar.gz
tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.32.tar.gz
http://apache.cs.pu.edu.tw/tomcat/tomcat-6/v6.0.32/bin/apache-tomcat-
4. 環境變數設定
vim ~/.bashrc
JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.6
export JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.24/jre
export TOMCAT_HOME=/opt/apache-tomcat-6.0.32
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
export M2_HOME=/opt/apache-maven-2.2.1
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$TOMCAT_HOME/bin:$M2_HOME/bin:$PATH
5. 安裝 subversion
apt-get install subversion
svn
checkout svn://140.115.11.133/ncucc --username tyrc
2011年4月28日 星期四
CentOS 5.6 安裝 tomcat6
cd /etc/yum.repos.d
wget 'http://www.jpackage.org/jpackage50.repo'
yum update
yum install yum-utils
yum install tomcat6 tomcat6-webapps tomcat6-admin-webapps
service tomcat6 start
yum install yum-utils
cd /opt
wget http://ftp.twaren.net/Unix/Web/apache//maven/source/apache-maven-2.2.1-src.tar.gz
tar -zxvf apache-maven-2.2.1-src.tar.gz
vim /etc/profile
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_25
JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH
M2_HOME=/opt/apache-maven-2.2.1
export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE INPUTRC JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH JRE_HOME M2_HOME
2011年4月25日 星期一
CentOS 5.6 使用rsyslog接收外部設備的連線LOG
使用OS : CentOS 5.6
安裝套件 : rsyslog
前置作業 : 以 Juniper NetScreen-ISG 2000 為例子
登入到isg2000 > Configuration > Report Settings > Syslog
設定好接收機器的相關設定
1. 安裝 rsyslog
# yum install rsyslog
2. 修改設定檔
# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf
$ModLoad imudp.so
$UDPServerRun 514
:fromhost-ip,isequal,"isg200 IP" /var/log/isg2000/isg_log
3. 關閉預設syslogd 並啟用 rsyslog
# chkconfig syslogd off
# chkconfig rsyslog on
# service syslog stop
# service rsyslog start
4. 設定輪替檔
# vim /etc/logrotate.conf
/var/log/isg2000/isg_log{
daily
create
rotate 360
compress
postrotate
/etc/init.d/rsyslog reload
endscript
}CentOS 5.6 / LVM 調整
模擬環境: 新增一顆硬碟 , 將他加入現有之LVM , 並加大目前LVM之容量
[root@mt ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/hda: 82.3 GB, 82348277760 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10011 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/hda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/hda2 14 10011 80308935 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/hdb: 122.9 GB, 122942324736 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 238216 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
[root@mt ~]# fdisk /dev/hdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 238216.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-238216, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-238216, default 238216):
Using default value 238216
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@mt ~]# partprobe
[root@mt ~]# pvdisplay
/dev/hdd: open failed: No medium found
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/hda2
VG Name VolGroup00
PV Size 76.59 GB / not usable 26.69 MB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size (KByte) 32768
Total PE 2450
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 2450
PV UUID dfXZbc-pfev-YMTz-XfiR-BveL-HUrl-fmd7Fu
[root@mt ~]# pvcreate /dev/hdb1
Physical volume "/dev/hdb1" successfully created
[root@mt ~]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/hda2
VG Name VolGroup00
PV Size 76.59 GB / not usable 26.69 MB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size (KByte) 32768
Total PE 2450
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 2450
PV UUID dfXZbc-pfev-YMTz-XfiR-BveL-HUrl-fmd7Fu
"/dev/hdb1" is a new physical volume of "114.50 GB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/hdb1
VG Name
PV Size 114.50 GB
Allocatable NO
PE Size (KByte) 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID f82VID-oKsl-ShjT-BZed-enmP-Tum4-ZbAIpM
加大VG及調整LV
以上步驟已用fdisk新增一LVM分割區 /dev/hdb1 並利用 pvcreate 轉成 PV
[root@mt ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name VolGroup00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 76.56 GB
PE Size 32.00 MB
Total PE 2450
Alloc PE / Size 2450 / 76.56 GB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID yd3K0H-5IWd-N5AX-q5dZ-j9MP-2xHh-4qPRj2
[root@mt ~]# vgextend VolGroup00 /dev/hdb1
Volume group "VolGroup00" successfully extended
[root@mt ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name VolGroup00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 191.03 GB
PE Size 32.00 MB
Total PE 6113
Alloc PE / Size 2450 / 76.56 GB
Free PE / Size 3663 / 114.47 GB
VG UUID yd3K0H-5IWd-N5AX-q5dZ-j9MP-2xHh-4qPRj2
[root@mt ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
VG Name VolGroup00
LV UUID 41mdX5-GhDO-8xUU-cqY8-SrMr-HfME-EnkfsL
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 74.62 GB
Current LE 2388
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01
VG Name VolGroup00
LV UUID 4k7mr6-1qkt-5p35-6oD7-IwPB-lN3V-ixf56I
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 1.94 GB
Current LE 62
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:1
[root@mt ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
73G 2.7G 66G 4% /
/dev/hda1 99M 19M 76M 20% /boot
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
[root@mt ~]# cat /etc/fstab
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap swap defaults 0 0
[root@mt ~]# lvextend -L +100G /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
Extending logical volume LogVol00 to 174.62 GB
Logical volume LogVol00 successfully resized
[root@mt ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
VG Name VolGroup00
LV UUID 41mdX5-GhDO-8xUU-cqY8-SrMr-HfME-EnkfsL
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 174.62 GB
Current LE 5588
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01
VG Name VolGroup00
LV UUID 4k7mr6-1qkt-5p35-6oD7-IwPB-lN3V-ixf56I
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 1.94 GB
Current LE 62
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:1
[root@mt ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
73G 2.7G 66G 4% /
/dev/hda1 99M 19M 76M 20% /boot
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
[root@mt ~]# resize2fs /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem at /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 to 45776896 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 is now 45776896 blocks long.
[root@mt ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
170G 2.8G 158G 2% /
/dev/hda1 99M 19M 76M 20% /boot
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
2011年4月18日 星期一
CentOS 新增第三方 yum Repositories
CentOS在套件管理上和Fedora相比
預設的repositories 只有放官方測試過的程式
有些好用的軟體都必須自己去抓source下來編譯安裝
所以我們可以新增一個第三方repositories 去擴充 yum 可用的套件
至於有那些repositories可用,
可參考CentOS 官方 wiki : http://wiki.centos.org/AdditionalResources/Repositories
以下介紹 rpmforge 的安裝方式
1. 先確認系統核心
# uname -i
x86_64
2. 下載對應核心版本 rpm forege
i386 http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el5.rf.i386.rpm
x86_64 http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm <---- 我的是x86_64
# wget http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm
3. 匯入DAG's GPG KEY
# rpm --import http://apt.sw.be/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
4. 驗證下載的rpm來源是否正確
# rpm -K rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el5.rf.*.rpm
rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm: (sha1) dsa sha1 md5 gpg OK
5. 安裝 rpmforge
# rpm -ivh rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el5.rf.*.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:rpmforge-release ########################################### [100%]
6. 測試yum reposititores 是否已加入 rpmforge
# yum clean all
隨便下指令安裝個什麼東西來看看是否已加入成功
# yum install htop
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* addons: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* base: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* extras: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
* rpmforge: fr2.rpmfind.net
* updates: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
addons | 951 B 00:00
addons/primary | 204 B 00:00
atrpms | 3.0 kB 00:00
atrpms/primary_db | 1.2 MB 00:02
base | 2.1 kB 00:00
base/primary_db | 2.2 MB 00:02
extras | 2.1 kB 00:00
extras/primary_db | 241 kB 00:00
rpmforge | 1.1 kB 00:00
rpmforge/primary | 2.2 MB 00:03
rpmforge 10480/10480
updates | 1.9 kB 00:00
updates/primary_db | 335 kB 00:00
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package htop.x86_64 0:0.9-1.el5.rf set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==========================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==========================================================================================
Installing:
htop x86_64 0.9-1.el5.rf rpmforge 84 k
Transaction Summary
==========================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 84 k
Is this ok [y/N]:
這樣就完成囉!
2011年4月17日 星期日
CentOS 5.5 設定SNMP
學校最近在測What's UP
於是找了一台Linux來設定SNMP測試看看 :)
1. 使用yum 安裝 snmp 相關套件
# yum -y install net-snmp net-snmp-utils
第一步驟安裝完,使用預設的設定檔啟動snmp就可以了
設定檔的位置在 /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
2. 啟動snmp
# service snmp start
3. 檢查snmp 啟動狀態
3.1 使用 snmpwalk 工具測試
# snmpwalk -c public -v 2c localhost system
3.2 檢查port是否開啟
# netstat -tnlup | grep snmpd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:199 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7279/snmpd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:161 0.0.0.0:* 7279/snmpd
2011年4月6日 星期三
no available legacy port
學校的NAT主機壞了,臨時抓了一台PC裝CentOS5.5 做NAT
安裝的時候就有跑出怪怪的訊息,但我沒理他
格式化的時候特別慢
結果裝好重開機後再核心的地方就出現錯誤訊息了 : no available legacy port
跑起來也頓頓的
查了一下google的結果是說有些PC裝centos會誤把SATA硬碟認成IDE硬碟,
於是去看了一下 /dev 的裝置, 果然把硬碟認成hdx
解決的方式是修改開機核心參數,在kernel 那一行的最後面加入 ide0=noprobe ide1=noporbe ....
重開後再檢查一次 /dev 下面的裝置 , 終於出現sdx了 :)
跑起來也順多了
沒問題後就把參數寫入 /etc/grub.conf
解決!
2011年4月5日 星期二
CentOS 做 NAT
本教學只做實際設定範例,詳細原理可以參考鳥哥的Linux網站 http://linux.vbird.org/
環境設定:
先設定好兩張網路卡的IP和網段,所有區網內的IP從eth1這個介面(private ip)進來,由eth0介面(public ip)出去
第一張網卡 eth0 :
ip : 192.192.249.1
netmask : 255.255.255.0
brocast : 192.192.249.255
gateway : 192.192.249.254
第二張網卡 eth1:
ip : 192.168.100.1
netmask : 255.255.255.0
brocast : 192.168.1.255
1. 設定網路介面
# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
TYPE=Ethernet
IPADDR=192.192.114.1
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.192.114.0
BROADCAST=192.192.114.255
ONBOOT=yes
GATEWAY=192.192.114.254
# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=static
TYPE=Ethernet
IPADDR=192.168.100.1
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
NETWORK=192.168.100.0
BROADCAST=192.168.100.255
ONBOOT=yes
2. 開啟封包轉送
# echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
3. 設定SNAT
# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.100.0/24 -o eth0 -j SNAT --to 192.192.114.1
4. 檢查路由
[root@NAT ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
61.221.253.160 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.224 U 0 0 0 eth1
192.168.100.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.252.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
0.0.0.0 61.221.253.161 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1
5. 將設定寫入scripts , 並設定開機自動執行
以上測試成功後就把它寫成scripts讓電腦開機時自動執行
# vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local
/root/firewall.sh
# touch /root/firewall.sh
# chmod +x /root/firewall.sh
# vim /root/firewall.sh
#!/bin/bash
# 開啟封包轉送
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
# 清除防火牆規則
for table in filter nat mangle
do
iptables -t $table -F
iptables -t $table -X
iptables -t $table -Z
done
# 設定NAT
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.100.0/24 -o eth0 -j SNAT --to 192.192.114.1
2011年4月3日 星期日
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之前我都是使用別人打包好的免安裝檔 這次自己下載來用竟然發現中文無法顯示 謎樣的 ＂口口口＂ 這是三小？！ 於是我試了下簡體中文檔， 竟然發現可以正常顯示簡體中文 ，真是令人生氣！ 於是開了他的語系檔來比對一下 路徑：C:\Program Files\JDown...
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要瞭解KAVO 病毒，首先我們要認識的文件一共有三個，病毒Kavo.exe，ntdelect.com 及 autorun.inf． 1. Kavo.exe： 此事件的主謀，它會在各個磁碟機下面建立另外兩個檔案，也就是ntdelect.com 和 autorun.inf．另一個功...
